AGLC4 Rule 1.1.3: Multiple Sources in Footnotes

Several sources cited in one footnote are separated by semicolons, and no "and" is placed before the last one. If later sources in the footnote take a different introductory signal, they begin a new sentence rather than following a semicolon.

AGLC4 page 3

Formatting

  • Separator between sources: a semicolon followed by one space.
  • Each source keeps its own complete form, including its own pinpoint and judges.
  • Never join the final two sources with "and".
  • A change of signal ends the sentence with a full stop; the new signal opens the next sentence with a capital letter (for example Cf).
  • The footnote ends with a full stop after the last source.

Examples

Quoted from the Guide, page 3
  1. 21
    Muschinski v Dodds (1985) 160 CLR 583; Baumgartner v Baumgartner (1987) 164 CLR 137; Bryson v Bryant (1992) 29 NSWLR 188, 194–5. [Not: … Baumgartner (1987) 164 CLR 137 and Bryson v Bryant …]
  2. 22
    Spratt v Hermes (1965) 114 CLR 226; Capital TV & Appliances Pty Ltd v Falconer (1971) 125 CLR 591; Kruger v Commonwealth (1997) 190 CLR 1. Cf R v Bernasconi (1915) 19 CLR 629. [Not: … Commonwealth (1997) 190 CLR 1; cf R v Bernasconi (1915) 19 CLR 629.]

Not

Quoted from the Guide, page 3
  • … Baumgartner (1987) 164 CLR 137 and Bryson v Bryant …
    the last two sources are joined with "and" instead of a semicolon
  • … Commonwealth (1997) 190 CLR 1; cf R v Bernasconi (1915) 19 CLR 629.
    a source with a different signal continues after a semicolon in lower case instead of starting a new sentence

See also

Check your footnotes against these rules

Paste your paper into the free AGLC4 checker and each footnote is graded against the Guide, with the rule it breaks. To write a citation from scratch, use the AGLC4 citation generator.

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Formats, examples, passages, tables and the forms marked Not are quoted from the Australian Guide to Legal Citation (4th ed, Melbourne University Law Review Association, 2018), with the page of the Guide they appear on. Titles, summaries and explanations are our own.