How to Cite a Preprint in Chicago

Paste the arXiv ID or link. If the paper has since been published in a journal, cite the published version instead. This page follows Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography), 18th edition (2024).

Chicago format for a preprint

Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography)

Bibliography entry

Devlin, Jacob, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. “BERT: Pre-Training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.” Preprint arXiv:1810.04805. arXiv, October 11, 2018. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1810.04805.

Footnote

Jacob Devlin et al., “BERT: Pre-Training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding,” Preprint arXiv:1810.04805 (arXiv, October 11, 2018), https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1810.04805.

Later footnotes

Devlin et al., “BERT: Pre-Training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.”

Style: Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography)

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Preview: Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography)

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    Where to find the details

    • arXiv gives every paper a DOI of the form 10.48550/arXiv.ID.

    Required in most styles: author, date published, title, repository (arxiv, ssrn, medrxiv).

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    Questions

    What do I need to cite a preprint in Chicago?

    At minimum: author, date published, title, repository (arxiv, ssrn, medrxiv). arXiv gives every paper a DOI of the form 10.48550/arXiv.ID.

    What does a preprint look like in Chicago?

    Bibliography entry: Devlin, Jacob, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. “BERT: Pre-Training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.” Preprint arXiv:1810.04805. arXiv, October 11, 2018. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1810.04805. Footnote: Jacob Devlin et al., “BERT: Pre-Training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding,” Preprint arXiv:1810.04805 (arXiv, October 11, 2018), https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1810.04805.

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